A waveguide is a structure that guides waves, such as electromagnetic waves or sound, with minimal loss of energy by restricting the transmission of energy to one direction

Introduction of Parallel Plane Waveguide

A waveguide is a structure that can guide Electro-Magnetic Energy. A Waveguide is a prime component of a communication system.

In practice, we find two types of the waveguide in a structure which are as follows:

Metallic Wave Guide It is used in high frequency, microwaves, and millimeter-wave transmission. Co-axial cables and hollow rectangular or circular wave guide's fall in this category.

Dielectric Wave Guide It is used at sub-millimeter wavelengths and optical frequencies. Optical fibers and thin-film integrated optical devices fall in this category.